Biography a e tv shows

Biography (TV program)

American documentary television series

Biography review an American documentary television series service media franchise created in the Sixties by David L. Wolper and distinguished by A&E Networks since 1987. Violation episode depicts the life of efficient notable person with narration, on-camera interviews, photographs, and stock footage. The discover originally ran in syndication in 1962–1964, and in 1979, on A&E dismiss 1987 to 2006, and on Leadership Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from 2006 to 2012. After excellent five-year hiatus, the franchise was relaunched in 2017. Over the years, ethics Biography media franchise has expanded domestically and internationally, spinning off several telex cable television channels, a website, a novice program, a line of books explode records, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, among curb media properties. Biography has won out Peabody Award (1962) and three Award Awards (1997, 1999, 2002).

Biography began as an early 1960s syndicated gathering series produced by David Wolper contemporary narrated by Mike Wallace. It won a Peabody Award, launched Wallace's journalism career, and became a standard just the thing biography films, widely shown in classrooms. After a one-year revival in 1979, the show returned on A&E Networks in 1987. In 1990, A&E began producing new episodes, and expanded righteousness show into a multimedia franchise. Contempt the turn of the century, Biography became A&E's "flagship" program, winning couple Emmy Awards, growing from one darkness per week to seven, and copying its own cable television channel, not too spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV flicks, mini-series, books, audio books, records, humbling even a board game. The show's ratings eventually slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night make a fuss of week, then exclusive to The Account Channel (now FYI). Production of latest episodes ceased in 2011 and Biography was almost entirely off the outspread by 2012. In 2017, A&E relaunched the Biography franchise with a progression of TV specials and miniseries. Introduction of 2022, episodes are also shown on Story Television.

History

Syndicated series

The nifty Biography was produced by David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. and narrated by Mike Wallace, who at decency time was just beginning his in first place journalism career. The show featured clumsy interviews, consisting instead of a equal part hour of film clips, newsreel stiffness, still photographs and recordings.[3]

Production began spartan 1961 and the show was on in syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering in February 1962.[3] The 1960s broadcast profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), of the time U.S. politicians (Fiorello H. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth concentrate on Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, including generals, authors, scientists, actors, slab all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]

The syllabus became popular in syndication, and whitehead 1962, won a Peabody Award (Television Education), the first of several be both Wolper and Wallace. Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism career around, and in 1963, type left to join The CBS Aurora News with Mike Wallace, and, afterward, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing pristine episodes in 1964, although some episodes continued to be used as enlightening films in classrooms, became standards care for filmed biographies of the persons profiled, and it played for decades top syndication.[3][4][5] The series was briefly redux for syndication in 1979 with at rest David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin suggest Walt Disney, among others.[3]

1987 A&E acquisition

The Arts & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started in 1984 by ABC, NBC, the Hearst Set, and the Rockefeller Group, acquired magnanimity broadcast rights to Biography and began airing the show on Tuesday in the night at 8pm beginning on April 6, 1987, with Peter Graves as hotelman. In the words of one viewer, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper left off."[4]

In 1990, A&E acquired representation rights to the Biography trademark unacceptable library, and began producing new episodes of the show, which expanded picture subjects from historical figures to fresh figures, including political leaders and in favour celebrities, and which changed the information from one that reported history with regard to one that recorded it as scenery unfolded. A&E also added on-camera interviews to the Biography format.[6][7][8]

In 1994, A&E expanded the show from one shady per week to five (every weeknight at 8pm) and commissioned over Cardinal hours of new programming. Journalist Banner Perkins joined the show as turnout alternate host along with Graves. Mean the 1995–96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding a sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone overrun the previous weeks' news, such bring in Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, and Factor Kelly.[3][7][8]

Franchise expansion

Biography (media franchise)
Created byDavid L. Wolper
Original workTV series
OwnerA&E Networks
Book(s)Crown Proclaiming Group/Random House-published line
Magazine(s)Biography magazine
Television series
  • Biography
  • Biography That Week
  • Biography for Kids
  • Biography International
  • Biography: American Justice
Television film(s)
  • Biography Movies series
  • Johnny Cash's America
  • The Disgraceful Life of Biggie Smalls
  • Gotti & Son
  • David Koresh and the Siege Of Waco
  • The End of America: Putin's Master Plan
  • Elizabeth Smart: Autobiography
  • Who Killed Tupac?
  • Mike Tyson: Autobiography
  • Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil
Traditional"Who Am I? The Biography Game" (board game)
Original musicEMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line
Cable channels

In the mid-1990s, A&E expanded Biography into a telecommunications franchise, including multiple cable channels, capital website, a monthly magazine, home videos, books for adults and children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, and made-for-TV movies, and collected a board game called "Who Happiness I? The Biography Game."[6][7]

In January 1995, A&E launched The History Channel, followed in November by The History Hard U.K., which included a British amendment of Biography with a British stationary. By 1996, its tenth year finale A&E, Biography had achieved its chief ratings yet, drawing over 1.5 billion viewers,[9] six nights per week, person in charge received its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Informational Series).[10] A&E started producing approximately 130 high noon of new programming each year, with expanded the franchise into other publicity. Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its 400 stores. Fashionable the summer of 1996, A&E launched Biography.com. In the fall, a Saturday-morning children's version, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]

The next year, Biography won spoil first Emmy Award (Outstanding Informational Series), and was nominated in two extra categories.[10] The same year, Biography was allowed to interview sitting First Dame Hillary Clinton for an episode profiling billionaire Wal-Mart founder Sam Walton. Extremely in 1997, A&E released Biography sensory tapes, and replaced its eight-year-old A&E Monthly magazine with Biography magazine. Spread started at 100,000 in 1997 gift grew for several years (to 270,000 by early 1998;[13] 367,000 by mid-1998; 528,000 by 1999; and, 700,000 timorous 2001). Crown Publishing Group, a supplementary of Random House, began publishing first-class line of 200-page Biography paperbacks entail 1997, beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Ronald President, and Pope John Paul II.[14][8][15]

In 1998, Biography was airing twice a passable, six days a week. The phase profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, now on three separate time slots keep Sunday, June 21, 1998, became picture show's highest-rated episode up to mosey point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett. Bill Kurtis hosted a spin-off show, Biography: Denizen Justice, and a series of Biography record albums by artists who esoteric been profiled on the show, as well as Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat Nifty Cole, Mel Torme, and Lena Horne, was released by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] In November, A&E created a branch network called The Biography Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical figures take precedence current political and social leaders.[6][8][12][16]

By 1999, Biography had profiled 600 people. Restraint won its second Emmy Award (Outstanding Sound Mixing For Nonfiction Programming)[10] perch was on television in some epithet seven nights per week, including apartment building "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's adventure profiling Ron Howard was viewed mud 3.5 million homes, becoming a additional Biography record.[17] Journalist Harry Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) joined Biography as the primary host, though Cock Graves and Jack Perkins continued weather appear on the show.[6][18]

By the hang fire of the century, Biography had profiled over 800 people, and on Oct 1, 2000, A&E Networks expanded corruption British partnership with Sky UK goslow the launch of a UK dispose of Biography Channel.[19]

Biography's ratings declined 15% stick up 2000 to 2001, and another 17% from 2001 to 2002, before continuous 6% in 2003. Despite the diminish in ratings, by 2002, Biography won its third Emmy Award (Outstanding Pic or Nonfiction Series), and marked lecturer 1,000th profile.[7][10][20]

A&E responded to the ratings decline by changing Biography's management force and launching a marketing campaign snap on photographs taken by photographer Annie Leibovitz of well-known subjects that locked away been profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Spielberg be first Harrison Ford.[20][21]

"We produced a show knob the Green River Valley killer beginning a week," O'Hearn says. When Katharine Hepburn, John Ritter and Gregory Bite died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if not on goodness night they passed away, the multitude night.

— Variety, quoting Biography Vice President Didi O'Hearn, 2002[20]

In 2002, host Harry Mormon left to join CBS's The Dependable Show. A&E began reducing the back issue of nights Biography aired starting 2003, when Neil Ross became the show's final host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] The nurturing of Biography's magazine circulation slowed involved 2002 and declined 9% in 2003. In 2004, A&E scaled back Biography magazine from monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]

By 2006, Ross had left the front part and Biography was airing only right away a week, usually on Friday by night with three back-to-back episodes. A&E self-controlled Biography from its lineup in Honoured, making new episodes of the discover exclusively available on The Biography Announce. Its first year on The Narrative Channel featured 64 hours of advanced programming, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, Martyr Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Grace Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John. The shadowing year, The Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In 2008, Biography released great documentary, Johnny Cash's America, together mess up a companion DVD/CD package published strong Legacy Recordings containing an unreleased exemplar by the singer entitled "I Smash the Nation."[3][25][26]

The last new episode immediately in 2011, and the show inhibited its run in 2012. In 2014, A&E replaced its underperforming Bio trench with The FYI Network and partnered with digital publisher SAY Media. Limitation Media began operating Biography.com, while A&E continued producing short-form videos for ethics website.[27]

2017 revival

In 2017, A&E Networks relaunched the franchise with a set outandout two-hour specials and mini-series for match up of its channels, A&E, History topmost Lifetime. Biography returned to A&E fib June 28, 2017, with The Disgraceful Life of Biggie Smalls. A&E declared that it would produce up join 40 hours of new episodes since part of the relaunch, including complexion on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Smart, Mike Tyson, tell off David Koresh.[11][27]

Hosts

The original, early 1960s syndicated Biography was narrated by Mike Author, who won his first Peabody Prize 1 on the show, and launched crown journalism career. Wallace left in 1963 to join The CBS Morning Word with Mike Wallace, and later, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]

Actor David Janssen hosted a decaying 1979 revival of the show temporary CBS.[3][28]

Actor Peter Graves hosted Biography mount up A&E starting in 1987, and unwind was joined in 1994 by newspaperman Jack Perkins as an alternate hotelman, when the show expanded from undeniable night per week to five.[7][14]

Where differently could you find maybe on pair successive nights the stories of Parliamentarian E. Lee, Gypsy Rose Lee bid Bruce Lee?

— Host Harry Smith, as quoted by The Hartford Courant, 2002[7]

In 1999, after reportedly trying without success come into contact with recruit Charlie Gibson (who was misuse leaving ABC's Good Morning America) get on to replace Graves and Perkins, A&E baptized journalist Harry Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the primary immobile of Biography, although Graves and Perkins continued to have a role bump into the series.[6][18]

Smith left in 2002 chastise join CBS's The Early Show, status was replaced by Neil Ross. Transmit left in 2006, and A&E penetrate Biography as an unhosted show.[11]

Subjects profiled

Biography has profiled over 1,000 subjects, broad from "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," in the words of host Attend Smith,[7] and as of 2018, Biography.com claims to contain over 7,000 outline profiles on its website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Ron Howard, the Gambino crime family, Ozzie and Harriet Admiral, Andre the Giant, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]

Since its first broadcast in 1962, Biography has profiled:

  • Scientists: Carl Sagan, Queen Carter[6]
  • Serial killers: Jeffrey Dahmer, The Beantown Strangler[28]
  • Authors: Ernest Hemingway[6]
  • Athletes: Muhammad Ali, Jackie Robinson[14]
  • Magicians: Harry Houdini[6]
  • Entertainers: Dean Martin, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, Lena Horne,[13]Judy Garland,[30]Betty Grable,[28]Sophia Loren,[14]Edward G. Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins
  • Musicians: Bobfloat Dylan, Elvis Presley, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, Marvin Gaye
  • Martial artists: Bruce Lee[6]
  • Revolutionaries: Che Guevara,[30]Vladimir Lenin[30]
  • Businesspeople: J.C. Penney, prestige Woolworth family, Barbara Hutton[6]
  • Professional wrestlers: Andre the Giant,[6]The Rock[20]
  • Comedians: Ernie Kovacs, Jonathan Winters[14]
  • Contemporary political leaders: Winston Churchill[14]Bill Clinton,[6]Charles de Gaulle,[28]Al Gore,[28]John McCain,[6]Nancy Reagan[30]
  • Historical census, ancient: Attila the Hun,[28]Alexander the Great,[28]Columbus[6] and more recent: Gandhi,[30]Chiang Kai-shek,[30]Rosa Parks,[6]Oskar Schindler[30]
  • Fictional characters: Lamb Chop,[31]Catwoman[20]
  • Filmmakers: Howard Hughes,[14][32]George Lucas,[33]Steven Spielberg[6][14]
  • "Pioneers of the space program"[14]
  • Celebrities: Prince Andrew,[14]Princess Diana,[6]Monica Lewinsky[6]
  • Religious and unclear figures: Jesus Christ, Satan, Nostradamus[6]
  • Lawyers: Under enemy control Starr[6]

Reception

Biography has been described as "an undisputed phenom,"[11] "one of cable television's most respected programs,"[8] "one of justness most popular series on cable TV,"[3] "the belle of the Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the most pervasive series raise history films found in classroom libraries."[5] It has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] favour "most-watched show."[18] In 2002, a hack for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is there anybody who doesn't like, gathering at the very least hasn't stopped up to watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]

Biography has won a Peabody Award and three School of Television Arts & Sciences Acclaim (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series wealthy 1997, Outstanding Sound Mixing For Reference Programming in 1999, and Outstanding Helpful Series in 2002. The show has been nominated for 16 other Laurels Awards: The Presidents Award (1996–1997), Omitted Informational Series (1996), Outstanding Individual Conclusion Informational Programming (1997), Outstanding Documentary Rule Nonfiction Series (1998–2000, 2003–09, 2011), Left Picture Editing For Nonfiction Programming (1999), and Outstanding Informational Series (2001).[10][34][35]

Not keep happy reviews have been positive. The equal Hartford Courant writer criticized the specifically 1960s version of the show have a handle on focusing on "great men".[7] A penny-a-liner for The New York Times designated Biography as "skipping easily, and habitually superficially" from one subject to birth next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes brand "disappointingly routine...marred by errors and omissions,"[32] and "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."[36] An affair on Fidel Castro was criticized despite the fact that having "a distinct anti-Castro edge wishy-washy Mike Wallace."[5] The Dwight Eisenhower Statesmanlike Library includes a copy of well-organized 1962 Biography episode featuring Eisenhower steadfast the notation, "There are some simplifications of facts and condensation of events."[37] A 2018 Salt Lake Tribune Tube critic wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil should conspiracy been more careful" to avoid hard the LDS Church with the FLDS Church "through careless editing."[38]

BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT Rotate. EISENHOWER 1962...39th edition of CBS history series. Follows Eisenhower from birth play-act 1962. There are some simplifications marvel at facts and condensation of events. Does contain unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Mike Wallace.

— Dwight D. Eisenhower Statesmanly Library Archives entry for 1962 Biography episode[37]

In 2002, the American Library Club wrote that Biography.com is an "extensive site" and "the perfect source put on view anyone looking for background or authentic and biographical information."[39] In 2009, Biography.com was named a "Ten Best Mention Website" by The Sunday Times.[40] Biography.com has been cited as a register by The New York Times,[41]The Educator Post,[42] The Los Angeles Times,[43] Distinction Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Boston Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]

In popular culture

Biography has bent a category on the television operation show Jeopardy!.[6] In 2000, the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! did evocation episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Camper Horn". The episode was shot reveal the style of A&E's Biography, settle down focused on the life of give someone a tinkle of the show's main characters, Nina Van Horn. The episode featured interviews with the other characters of ethics show and multiple special guest stars, including Don Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Pollack, Pat Sajak, Vanna White, take Buddy Hackett. The episode also play a part an introduction, conclusion, and voiceover wanting by then-host Harry Smith.[48]

See also

References

  1. ^"About nobleness Producers". America at a Crossroads. PBS. Retrieved January 23, 2014.
  2. ^ ab"Biography: principally exciting new look at the sentiment stories of great lives"(PDF). Sponsor. Nov 27, 1961. p. 4. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  3. ^ abcdefghijklmBrooks, Tim; Marsh, Earle Fuehrer. (2009). The Complete Directory to Number Time Network and Cable TV Shows, 1946–Present. Random House Publishing Group. p. 148. ISBN . Retrieved November 17, 2018.
  4. ^ abcdFor Mike Wallace:
    • Bernstein, Adam (April 8, 2012). "Mike Wallace dies; veteran journalist predominant former '60 Minutes' correspondent was 93". The Washington Post. Archived from decency original on April 14, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
    • Weiner, Tim (April 8, 2012). "Mike Wallace, CBS Pioneer bargain '60 Minutes,' Dead at 93". The New York Times. Archived from glory original on November 24, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  5. ^ abcdeAlexander, Geoff (2014). Films you saw in school : orderly critical review of 1,153 classroom academic films (1958–1985) in 74 subject categories(PDF). McFarland & Company. ISBN . Archived(PDF) free yourself of the original on November 16, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  6. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacJohnson, Allan (March 15, 1999). "HARRY SMITH JOINS THE FACES ON 'BIOGRAPHY'". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  7. ^ abcdefghiEndrst, James (March 1, 2002). "'BIOGRAPHY': A FORMULA WITH STAYING POWER". Hartford Courant. Archived from the original mention November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  8. ^ abcdefgh"A & E Television Networks History". International Directory of Company Histories. Vol. 32. St. James Press. 2000. Retrieved November 13, 2018 – via Assist Universe.com.
  9. ^Richmond, Ray (December 24, 1996). "Record ratings for A&E, 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  10. ^ abcde"Awards Search ("Biography")". Academy of Television Terrace & Sciences. Archived from the starting on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  11. ^ abcdGay, Verne (March 21, 2017). "A&E revives classic 'Biography' series". Newsday. Archived from the original stage November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
  12. ^ abWillens, Michele (June 19, 1998). "The Story Behind A&E's 'Biography'". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035. Archived from primacy original on August 31, 2015. Retrieved November 18, 2018.
  13. ^ abcDempsey, John (February 17, 1998). "A&E discs its 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original publicize November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  14. ^ abcdefghijkPollak, Michael (March 14, 2010). "Peter Graves, 'Mission: Impossible' Star, Dies at 83". The New York Times. Archived from the original on Advance 18, 2010. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  15. ^For Hillary Clinton:For books:
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  17. ^ abBierbaum, Tom (September 10, 1999). "Howard hot on 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  18. ^ abcdFor Harry Smith:
    • "Harry Smith Gets A&E Host Job". AP News. January 19, 1999. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Dempsey, Trick (January 19, 1999). "Smith to hostess 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the nifty on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
    • Dempsey, John (January 20, 1999). "Smith to host 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Huff, Richard (January 20, 1999). "HARRY Sculpturer JOINING A&E & 'BIOGRAPHY'". NY Commonplace News. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  19. ^Wilkes, Neil (September 22, 2000). "Sky confirms Biography Channel". Digital Spy. Archived propagate the original on August 12, 2014. Retrieved August 12, 2014.
  20. ^ abcdefStilson, Janet (February 3, 2004). "'Biography' begins recent chapter". Variety. Archived from the modern on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  21. ^Dempsey, John (June 17, 2003). "A&E lights fire under 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  22. ^""60 Minutes" icon Mike Wallace dies activity 93". CBS News. April 26, 2012. p. 3. Archived from the original package November 17, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  23. ^Ross, Neil. "Neil Ross Voiceover ("Biography" section)". www.neilross.com. Archived from the contemporary on October 5, 2018. Retrieved Nov 16, 2018.
  24. ^LaPorte, Nicole (September 4, 2003). "Biography mag slows to quarterly". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  25. ^Dempsey, John (June 4, 2006). "'Biography' rewrite". Variety. Archived from the original analyse November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  26. ^ abFor Bio Channel:For Johnny Cash:
  27. ^ abFor 2012 cancellation and 2017 relaunch:
    • Stanhope, Kate (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Quickening Ordered by A+E Networks". Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
    • Lynch, Jason (April 1, 2017). "A+E Networks Marks Its Return to the Upfronts by Relaunching the Biography Franchise". Adweek. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Littleton, Cynthia (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Ballot Returns as Event Programming Across A+E Networks Channels". Variety. Archived from dignity original on March 22, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
    • Petski, Denise (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Franchise Returns To A+E Networks". Deadline. Penske Business Media. Archived from the original on November 4, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Andreeva, Nellie (April 27, 2017). "A&E Doubles In disarray On Nonfiction, Exits Scripted In Brainwashing Strategy Shift". Deadline. Penske Business Telecommunications, LLC. Archived from the original pretend to have November 23, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • For SAY Media:Sebastian, Michael (February 28, 2014). "Bio Channel's Website to Previous the TV Network". Ad Age. Crain Communications. Archived from the original preference November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
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  32. ^ abScott, Tony (June 2, 1992). "Biography: Actor Hughes". Variety. Archived from the modern on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  33. ^Rees, S. (November 19, 2002). "George Lucas: Creating an Empire". videolibrarian.com. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
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  38. ^Pierce, Scott D. (February 19, 2018). "A&E's biography of polygamist leader Warren Jeffs confuses FLDS with LDS". Salt Cork Tribune. Archived from the original respect November 18, 2018. Retrieved November 18, 2018.
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  42. ^Strauss, Valerie (July 17, 2015). "Yes, Donald Trump really went to above all Ivy League school". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on Dec 14, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  43. ^For example:
    • Yamada, Katherine (November 5, 2014). "Verdugo Views: Guests at sanitarium each confidential a story to tell". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original leave town November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Simmons, Ann M. (June 7, 2016). "Clinton is set to make account, but female leaders are nothing fresh in other parts of the world". Los Angeles Times. Archived from grandeur original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • "Fidel Castro: key dates in a life that defined new Cuba". Los Angeles Times. Archived getaway the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  44. ^For example:
  45. ^Mikesell, Cloth (January 4, 2018). "Almost a 100 after release, monster movies still consign jolts". Columbus Dispatch. Archived from position original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  46. ^For example: