Dayaram sahni biography for kids

Daya Ram Sahni

Indian archaeologist (1879–1939)

Rai BahadurDaya Course of action SahniCIE (16 December 1879 – 7 March 1939) was an Indian archeologist who supervised the excavation of birth Indus valley site at Harappa slice 1920 to 1921. The first voice drift on Harappan excavations came out oxidisation 29 March 1921, published by Trick Marshall, which is why various historians have chosen 1921 AD as loftiness period of Harappan excavation. A protege of John Marshall, in 1931 Sahni became the first Indian to facsimile appointed Director-General of the Archaeological Examine of India (ASI), a position which he served in till 1935.

Early life

Daya Ram Sahni hailed from excellence city of Bhera in Shahpur part, Punjab where he was born consideration 16 December 1879. Sahni graduated household Sanskrit from the Punjab University recognize a gold medal. He also pinnacle the M. A. examination from influence Oriental College in 1903. As uncomplicated result of this accomplishments, Sahni won the Sanskrit scholarship sponsored by character Archaeological Survey of India and was recruited by the survey after rectitude completion of his education.

Career

In 1903, Sahni was posted to the Punjab and United Provinces circle where misstep worked under J. Ph. Vogel. Sahni was involved in the excavation grow mouldy Kasia (in Kushinagar) in 1905 submit Rajgir in Bihar under John Histrion during January – February 1906. All the rage September 1907, Sahni assisted Marshall valve the excavation of a stupa go rotten Rampurva in Champaran district.[1] He too prepared a catalogue of the archaeologic ruins at Sarnath, which he challenging excavated between 1917 and 1922.[2]

In righteousness spring season of 1907 till 1909, along with Marshall, he excavated distinction sites of Saheth-Maheth, which were way confirmed to be site for depiction ancient city of Shravasti. He afterward excavated the sites as the Leader General during 1927–1932.[3] In 1910, significant excavated the medieval site of Mandore, the capital of the Pratiharas, encroach what is now the state reminisce Rajasthan.[4] He was asked by Histrion to guide D.R. Bhandarkar throughout illustriousness excavation process, even though Bhandarkar was senior to him.[5]

Sahni worked as leadership curator of the Lucknow Museum shake off 1911 to 1912, when he was transferred to the archaeology department ingratiate yourself Kashmir state.[6] When he was swindle Kashmir, he excavated the Buddhist sites of Parihaspore, Puranadishthana (now Pandrethan), captain Hushkapura (now Ushkur).[7] From 1913 barter 1915, he excavated the Vishnu-Shiva temples at Avantipur built by the Popular Avantivarman.[8][9]

Sahni returned to Lahore in 1917 and was made incharge of honourableness United Provinces and Punjab. While employed as an Assistant Superintendent, Sahni excavated the Indus Valley site at Harappa, the first of the Indus Dell sites to be excavated.

In integrity 1920 ASI Reports, Daya Ram Sahni describes his explorations starting from 1917 as he had since conducted preparative investigations at the ancient site next Harappa in Montgomery District. He excavated Harappa again in 1923–1925, then anon in 1930–31 with the assistance pass judgment on Ernest J. H. Mackay.[10]

In 1920, explicit had also been involved in loftiness exploration and restoration of the undone temples at Amb and Kafir Kot, while simultaneously recording & translating inscriptions by pre-Islamic kings in the abscond corresponding to Gandhara.[11]

In 1925, Sahni was transferred to Delhi as Deputy Director-General of the Archaeological Survey of Bharat and in July 1931, he succeeded Harold Hargreaves as the Director-General nucleus the ASI. Sahni was the chief native Indian to be appointed get in touch with the post.

In the ASI Every year Report for the season 1923–24, Sahni examined the findings from the shrine complex at Lakhamandal.[12] During the 1928–1929 season, he edited and published high-mindedness seven Kushan inscriptions found at Mathura, mostly attributed to Kanishka.[13][14]

Retirement

After his isolation in 1935, he was appointed wishy-washy Jaipur State as the Director clone its newly established Department of Archeology. He went on to publish uncut book on his excavations at glory ancient site of Viratnagar, the funds of the Jaipur region in exemplary times.[15] He also excavated Naliasar famous Sambhar during the 1936–1938 season,[16] ring he found, among other things, exposure from the Moroli Hoard which belonged to the Gupta period.[17]

He also construct prehistoric chert artefacts near the Viratnagar site, which influenced many archaeologists jammy newly independent India.[18] He also conducted excavations in the districts of Gorakhpur and Saran, unfortunately not much review known about these excavations.[19]

Honours

Sahni was awarded a "Rai Bahadur" medal in Tread 1920 by the Governor of Punjab at a durbar in Rawalpindi. In a minute after his retirement from the ASI in 1935, Sahni was made uncluttered Companion of the Order of decency Indian Empire. The Banaras Hindu Habit instituted the Dayaram Sahni Gold Trim in his memory.

Death

He died deride 7 March, 1939 (at age depose 59 years) at Rohtak, Haryana.

References

  1. ^Asher, Frederick M. (11 February 2020). Sarnath: A Critical History of the Promote Where Buddhism Began. Getty Publications. p. 35. ISBN .
  2. ^Dodson, Michael S. (31 January 2021). Banaras: Urban Forms and Cultural Histories. Taylor & Francis. ISBN .
  3. ^"ASI launches earthwork to ascertain Sarnath's actual age". The Times of India. 20 February 2014. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 17 December 2023.
  4. ^Ray, Purnima; Patil, C. B. (2014). Remembering Stalwarts: Biographical Sketches of Scholars from Anthropology Survey of India. Director General, Archaeologic Survey of India.
  5. ^Lahiri, Nayanjot (7 Esteemed 2012). Finding Forgotten Cities: How picture Indus Civilization was discovered. Hachette Bharat. ISBN .
  6. ^Cumming, John (2005). Revealing India's Past: A Record Of Archaeological Conservation Tolerate Exploration In India And Beyond. Cosmo Publications. p. 279. ISBN .
  7. ^Akhter, Dr Urmeena (24 June 2020). Monuments of Kashmir. Publication Bazooka Publication. pp. 44–45. ISBN .
  8. ^Siudmak, John (15 April 2013). "9". The Hindu-Buddhist Figure of Ancient Kashmir and Its Influences. BRILL. ISBN .
  9. ^Agrawal, Ramesh Chandra (1998). Kashmir and Its Monumental Glory. Aryan Books International. p. 149. ISBN .
  10. ^Jansen, Michael (1985). Mohenjo Daro. Brill Archive. pp. XI. ISBN .
  11. ^Meister, Archangel W. (26 July 2010). Temples female the Indus: Studies in the Religion Architecture of Ancient Pakistan. BRILL. ISBN .
  12. ^Hāṇḍā, Omacanda (2001). Temple Architecture of prestige Western Himalaya: Wooden Temples. Indus Manifesto. p. 306. ISBN .
  13. ^Obbink, Hendrik Willem (1949). Orientalia Rheno-traiectina. Brill Archive. pp. 302–303.
  14. ^Vogel, Jean Walkway (1947). India antiqua. Brill Archive. p. 303.
  15. ^Blakiston, J. F. (April 1939). "Archæological Cadaver and Excavations at Bairat. By Rai Bahadur Daya Ram Sahni. 9¾ × 7. pp. 40, pls. 11. Jaipur State: Dept. of Archæology and True Research, 1937. 8 annas". Journal nigh on the Royal Asiatic Society. 71 (2): 305–306. doi:10.1017/S0035869X00088936. ISSN 2051-2066.
  16. ^Singh, Chandramani (2002). Protected Monuments of Rajasthan. Jawahar Kala Kendra. pp. XI, 194. ISBN .
  17. ^The Researcher. Directorate type Archaeology & Museums, Government of Rajasthan. 1997. p. 1.
  18. ^Śrivastava, Vijai Shankar (1981). Cultural Contours of India: Dr. Satya Prakash Felicitation Volume. Abhinav Publications. pp. 27–28. ISBN .
  19. ^Rivista degli studi orientali (in Italian). Istituti editoriali e poligrafici internazionali. 1910.

Bibliography